CL255 Food and Beverage Operations Management
California
- Tenecula is a new region in California, it's a coastal region whose climate is not as harsh as the rest of the state.
- Pioneered labeling by varietal instead of terroir.
- In 2010 U.S. passed France in wine consuming. California makes up 61% of all wine consumed in the U.S.
- California Wines are known for fruitier flavors.
- White: Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier, Gewurztraminer.
- Red: Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrahly
- Vineyards: Au Bon Climat, Flora Springs, South Coast Winery
- Grading: Uses 100 pt. system (not mandatory) Most critics use Parker System
Bordeaux
- Climate is tempered by the Ocean.
- Soil: Clay, limestone, gravel, and sand.
- 60 different appellations
- Merlot, Cabernet sauvignon
Rhône
- Relatively unknown till about 30 years ago.
- 90% of wines come from the Southern side of the valley
- 5,292 vineyards. Each vineyard is about 83,839 hectares
- Mediterranean Climate
- Northern Wines are very expensive
- Farmers markets are really common and wines can be found there and paired with local foods.
- There's a law in Rhône that prevents flying saucers (flying cigars) from landing in their vineyards.
Italy
- 20 different wine regions
- 3 major regions are Tuscany, Piedmont and Veneto
- Northern Italy is the best part for wine growing. Southern Italy is too hot.
- Italy is the world's second largest producer of wine.
Spain
- Emporda region: Soils contain limestone, sand, volcanic, clay. Not a very well know region. Low altitudes. Mediterranean.
- Navarra/ Basque Region: Has been producing wine since roman invasion. Known for vivid fruit, deep dark color, and dense chunky structure.
- Ribera Del Duero Region: Legendary wine making region. Home to the world's best and most exclusive red wines. Freezing winters, blazing summers, and high altitutes. Golden mile.
- La Rioja Region: Rioja Alta- high altitudes. Rioja Alavesa-Terraced. Rioja Baja-higher alcohol content
- Penedes: Miguel Torres and Jean Lean are the most well known wineries.
- Somontano Wine: "under mountain" Extreme climate changes during seasons
- Sherry: Underappreciated. Competes with port as a fortified wine. Exposed to air much more than other wines.
- Priorat: Remote-rocky hills. Intense, minerally reds. Vineyards are built in terraces. Wines are grown along with olives.
- Toro: very rural
- Cava: sparkling wine which competes with champagne. It's aged in caves.
Washington
- First grapes were cultivated at fort Vancouver.
- Oregon Trail brought next wave of grape growing.
- Yakima and Wenatchee valleys
- Walla Walla
- Yakima valley was irrigated in 1890's which allowed more land to become vineyards.
- During prohibition in 1917 William Bridgman started growing grapes, these were in great demand.
- At the end of prohibition waves of new wine companies sprouted up
- Washington is the 2nd largest premium wine producer in the country.
- Washington has a long growing season.